Essential Linux Commands for Beginners

Linux commands are powerful tools for managing your system, files, and processes. Learn the basics with these 20 essential commands.

Navigating Your File System:

1. ls: Lists contents of a directory (files and subdirectories)

2. cd: Changes the current working directory

3. pwd: Prints the current working directory (full path)

Copying, Moving, and Renaming:

1. cp: Copies files or directories (duplicates existing data)

2. mv: Moves files/directories to a new location or renames them

Deleting Files and Directories:

1. rm: Permanently deletes files or directories

2. rmdir: Removes empty directories

Creating and Modifying Files:

1. mkdir: Creates new directories for organization

2. touch: Creates empty files or updates timestamps

3. cat: Concatenates and displays contents of files

Editing Text Files:

1. nano: User-friendly text editor ideal for beginners

2. vim: Powerful, efficient text editor for experienced users

Searching for Files and Patterns:

1. find: Searches for files/directories based on criteria

2. grep: Searches for patterns within files

Managing File Permissions and Ownership:

1. chmod: Changes file/directory permissions (read, write, execute)

2. chown: Changes file/directory ownership to another user/group

Monitoring System Processes and Resources:

1. top: Displays real-time resource usage and process activity

2. ps: Lists currently running processes with details

Managing Disk Space and Archiving Files:

1. df: Shows disk space usage for all mounted filesystems

2. du: Estimates file/directory space usage

3. tar: Archives files or extracts from an archive

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Happy Learning🙂